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4B Wednesday, Sept. 7, 2011
Bulletin, Progressive, Record, Reporter
Local.firefghters get a history lesson
Chief Ronny J. Coleman
(center) and local
firefighters gather in
Graeagle to review
fire service history
as part of volunteer
firefighter training.
Photo by Tom Forster
INSIDE THE
FIREHOUSE
TOM FORSTER
Assistant Fire Chief
PMmas Eureka Fire Department
Author Michael Crichton
once said, ',If you don't know
your history, then you don't
know. anything. You are a
leaf that doesn't know it is
part of a tree." Local fire-
fighters recently gathered in
Graeagle to learn more
about fire service history.
Retired California State Fire
Marshal Chief Ronny Cole-
man taught this course as a
special part of the education-
Sudoku
1
3
6
4
al component of working to-
ward California Volunteer
Firefighter certification.
The class was held at the
Graeagle Fire Protection
District, and included dis-
plays and discussion on his-
toric methods, tools and
techniques. Coleman is a
recognized international ex-
pert on fire service history,
and serves as the volunteer
president of the National
Fire Service Heritage Cen-
ter. This nonprofit group is
working to preserve the hu-
man history of the fire ser-
vice, including photographs,
films, documents and events.
He brought numerous his-
torical artifacts from his per-
sonal collection, including
very old books, photographs,
a fire chief's speaking trum-
pet, and Ieather water buck-
ets. "Early in American his-
tory, homes in communities
in New England were re-
quired to keep a leather wa-
ter bucket near their door,"
said Coleman. "In the event
of a fire, someone would run
down the street yelling
'throw down your buckets.'
Every water bucket would be
tossed out into the dirt
street. Able bodied neigh-
bors would run by and pick
them up to help form the
bucket brigade to fight the
fire." "
Fire buckets in colonial
towns often had the owners'
names painted on them. The
number of buckets a home
or business needed was often
determined by the risk of
fire. For example, "A baker
must have had three buck-
ets, and a brewer had to
have six buckets on hand in
case of fire," said Coleman.
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"Bucket brigades" were used
commonly, consisting of two
lines of people stretching
from the town well to the
fire. They passed buckets of
water to the fire, and empty
buckets back to the well to
be refilled. Later, with the
invention of the hand
pumper, bucket brigades
were used to keep the
pumper full of water.
Coleman also brought a
very old metal fire mark
from an insurance company.
Fire insurance marks were
-lead or copper plaques em-
bossed with the sign of an in-
surance company, and
placed on the front of the in-
sured building as a guide to
the company's fire brigade
or volunteer fire depart-
ments. These were first used
in England, and later in the
United States during the
18th and 19th centuries.
Insurance subscribers
would pay firefighting com-
panies in advance for fire
protection. Often these com-
panies were volunteer, and
sometimes the insurance
company funded them. Some
awarded bonuses to the first
fire engine arriving on the
scene. Fire marks served
many purposes, but their
main use in America was
s.imply as a sign that the
property was insured. Both
the insured and the insur-
ance company benefited
from this advertising.
Another interesting arti-
fact was an antique fire
chief's speaking trumpet,
the ancestor of the radio
communications tools used
today at emergencies. Speak-
ing trumpets were first used
as early as 1752 in New York
by fire chiefs to shout orders
to their men. The earliest
were made of tin, then brass
and silver of various sizes
and shapes. Presentation
trumpets were given as gifts
and tokens of esteem, a prac-
tice that continues today.
Long ago, many were made
of solid silver with ornate
carvings and inscriptions.
Some were inlaid with gold,
or encrusted with semi-pre-
cious stones.
"If you want to understand
today's fire service, you
have to search yesterday,"
said Coleman. "I congratu-
late the Quincy Fire Acade-
my students and the Plumas
County fire service for hav-
ing the interest to under-
stand where they came from,
and the many improvements
and innovations in the fire
service over the years."
i,r , ~ " :! ...... ¢'~
Beware of the Dog
ACROSS
1. Sentry's imperative
5. Knocks out of
one's socks
9. IHOP serving
14. "Essays of"
15. Big picture
16.34-Across became
one
17. Hamper contents
18. Zilch i3-
19. Bowie's last stand ~
20. Put an early end to
23. Give a darn?
24. __ chi
25. Western topper
27. Sent, as to a
military outpost
32. Grate stuff
33. Give two thumbs
down to
34. Onetime "97-pound
weakling" Charles
36. Doo-wop group
member
40. Obey the drill
sergeant
44. Beat by a whisker
45. 1960 Wimbledon
champ Fraser
46. Schooner contents
47. Graffiti, to some
50. They manage the
wines
52. Flock leaders
56. WWE outcome
57.39, to Jack Benny
58. Get destroyed
64. Conical abode
66. Scotto solo
67. Social reformer
Baker
68. Maze word
69. Creditor's claim
70. Bartlett's abbr.
71. Windows icon
72. "we forget ..."
73. Carpet features
i
18 19 ~
1 1
i i
~2
American Profile Hometown Content
DOWN
1. Chopped down
2. Jai
3. Daffy's problem
4. Gauguin's island
home
5. Pursued, as a
career
6. Colorful fish
7. Left or right of the
goalposts
8. Replacement
players, to some
9. Jazz cats' wear
10. Business card
abbr.
11. Gather together
12. Intaglio's reverse
13. Like an open
secret
21. Bother persistently, 49. Angular opening?
as an injury 51. Like vicufias and
22. Actress Hagen llamas
26. "Oh no, not !" 52. Party spreads
27. Basilica part 53. Smiley or Smart
28. A natural abrasive 54. Nasal partitions
29. Negotiations hang- 55. Play for time
up 59. Lackawanna's lake
30. Verve 60. Spots for tacks
31. Tests for carbon 14 61. Radius neighbor
35. ER shout 62. Hardly four-star
37. Bull artist cuisine
38. Snitched 63. Catches some rays
39. Till fill 65. Occupational suffix
41. Bog stuff
42. Seuss's Horton, for
one
43. Tyro, informally
48. Steamboat builder
Fulton
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