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June 8, 2011     Indian Valley Record
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June 8, 2011
 
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Indian Valley Record Wednesday, June 8, 2011 "9A Experts weigh in on Almanor cloud seeding M. Kate West Chester Editor chesternews@plumasnews.com The forum hosted by the Almanor Basin Watershed Advisory Committee (AB- WAC) Wednesday, May 25, fielded a panel of six scien- tists in response to commu- nity concerns about cloud seeding in the Lake Almanor Basin. The issue surfaced when Basin resident Lisa Marcus, at the urging of ABWAC member David Durkin, attended the March 9 com- mittee meeting. During the public comment period she read a summary of her con- cerns that included questions she wanted answered by Pacific, Gas and Electric Company. Opening the forum, ABWAC chair Ryan Burnett welcomed guests, provided an overview of the agenda, introduced the panel and facilitated the question and answer period between the audience and the panel. Panel members included Don A. Griffith, Byron Marler, Charles White, Dan Tormey, Gina Johnston and Arlen Huggins. Throughout the course of . the forum, the audience was exposed to a variety of scientific data about cloud seeding and the breakdown of chemicals in the process. Emerging data Mr. Don A. Griffith, of North American Weather Consultants, Sandy, Utah, was the first speaker and provided the following infor- mation: --Cloud seeding has been occurring in Lake Almanor since 1953. --There are 13 cloud seed- ing programs in California. PG&E operates two, on the watersheds of Lake Almanor and the upper Mokelumne River. Other program opera- tors include the Desert Re- search Institute, Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Turlock and Modesto Irriga- tion District, Southern Cali- fornia Edison, the city of Los Angeles, the North Kern Water Storage District, the Kaweah Delta Water Conservation District and the coastal counties of Los Angeles and Santa Barbara. --Weather modification programs operate throughout the Western United States in Utah, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, North Dakota, Wyoming, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. --Canada and approxi- mately 40 - 50 other countries around the •world are currently operating weather modification programs. Griffith additionally pro- vided historical data on weather modification pro- grams from the mid-1940s experiments to the opera- tional programs of the 1950s and forward. He said different states used weather modification for different reasons; some participate for precipitation or rainfall augmentation, others snowpack augmenta- tion. In some Midwest states, the process is used for both rainfall augmentation and hail suppression. Cloud seeding described Griffith talked about how cloud seeding works and the types of programs that are used. The type of program used in the Lake Almanor Basin is referred to as a "winter orographic cloud seeding methodology." Griffith said orographic means "over the mountains." In this method, Griffith ex- plained the four-step process: --A minute amount of silver iodide is sprayed across a propane flame. Seasonal Operating Summary Lake Almanor Seeding 2000-01 to 2010-11 Winter season Nov-May 212 days 2000-01 Days operation 41 Total seeder hours - sum of nine seeders 3.796 Silver-iodide released (kg)/(Ibs) 81.6/180 First operation 2,822 Nov 13 Last operation Apr 21 Suspension periods 2001-02 38 3,220 69.2/152 Nov 12 May 20 2002-03 44 4,319 91.1/200 Nov 9 May 9 2003 -04 28 2.710 58.2/ 128 Nov 9 Apr 21 2004-05 49 3,655 76.2/168 Nov 2 May 9 Jan 7-12 2005-06 33 60.7/133 Nov 3 March 28 March 28 - on 2006-07 Nov 26 May 4 Dec 6 April 22 34 53.4/118 69.2/152 2,647 200708 38 3,220" 2008-09 39 3,716" 79.9/176 Nov 3 April 24 2009-10 34 2,829* 60.8/134 Nov 17 May 10 929* Nov 20 20.0/47 2010-11 *lOseedersused March 20 16 Dec 24-Feb 7 March 21 - on --The silver iodide parti- cles then rise into the clouds. --The silver iodide causes cloud moisture to freeze and create ice crystals. --The ice crystals then grow big enough to fall as snow. "The winter orographic program is designed to in- crease snowfall," Griffith said. He listed other program types and purposes and said winter and summer pro- grams both are designed to increase rainfall. "Hail mitigation programs are designed to reduce dam- age from hailstorms. There are also cold fog programs de- signed to increase visibility at airports," Griffith added. Seeding agents and modes Silver iodide, dry ice and propane are used in cloud seeding operations. Griffith said there are two seeding (distribution) modes: ground based and airborne. The ground-based modes include manually operated silver iodide generators, remotely operated silver io- dide generators and remotely operated propane dispensers. Airborne modes, include burn-in-place silver iodide flares, droppable silver• iodide flares, acetone-silver iodide generators and dry: ice. He said the generators are: located on the west side of mountains. Results and opinion "There have been a See Forum, page 10A VIPs OF THE MONTH We salute you for being chosen for special recognition by your principal, teachers and counselors, and for your outstanding achievements in academics, sports and public service. Check out our Digital Photo Processing at our new Photo Kioskl ]/(JiJl 225 Main Street • Greenville 284-6618 CHECK OUR SALE SECTION! General Dentistry Brent Webb, DDS Office Hours: Mon.Fri. • 8am- 5pm 211 Laurel Lane, Chester, CA 530-258-2201 Congratulations to the real treasures of Indian Valley! from all of us at Monday - Saturday 10 - 5 Sunday 10 - 4 284-6016 Highway 89, Crescent Mills • I Congratulatzons. 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I will miss this com- munity as I go on through life, and I hope to come back one day and hopefully be the game warden here. Co-Salutatorian Sam Tomaselli • I'm Sam Tomaselli and I'm the Co-Salutatorian at Greenville High School. I plan to attend the Art Institute of Orange County and pursue a Bachelors Degree of Culinary Management. I feel that the Culinar); Arts is what I truly enjoy and that a career in something I enjoy doing is something important. I hope to one day manage or own a restaurant. Co-Salutatorian Mackalya Van Fleet Hello my name is Mack Van Fleet. After I graduate this year I will be going to FRC to get my AS degree in biology to become a game warden. Then I will transfer to a four year to get a bachelors degree in biology. While I am at FRC I will be playing softball for them. I am proud to be graduating from Greenville High as a Co-Salutatorian. 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