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i1! i i L i iiiii i iiiiiiii iiiiiiiiii
SCANNING THE WEEK'S NEWS
of Main Street and the World
Truman Relieves Gen. MacArthur
From All Commands in th Far East
MACARTHUR RELIEVED--To millions of small-towners across
the nation to whom Gen. Douglas MacArthur has become something oi
I legend, his removal from all of his commands by President Truman
was a shock not easily understood. The action pointed up the serious-
ness of the break between the general, the White House, and UN states-
men which had raged for weeks over the conduct of the Korean war.
According to grim, stubborn MacArthur, he was fighting Europe's
war with arms in Asia while Europe's diplomats continued to fight com-
munism with words. In his blunt, barbed
way, he wrote Joseph W. Martin, Jr., house
majority leader: "It seems strangely dif-
ficult for some to realize that here in Asia
Is where the Communist conspirators have
elected to make their play for global con-
quest."
That statement struck at the admim-
stration's very basis of how to defeat com-
munism. It threw European diplomats into
a tizzy. It brought demands in congress
that a special bipartisan committee be
Grim-Faced MaeArthur sent to Tokyo to hear the general's foreign
Foe him the w ds,. policy views. It brought rumors of the
crackdown on MacArthur which the peo-
ple on Main Street could not believe would ever happen.
The action has produced a shock that may have serious conse-
quences. In the next few weeks congress may possibly be involved in
bitter debate as the general's cause Is championed by the Republican
party.
" But above all, it has caused confusion and uneasiness in the mind of
the average Main Street citizen whose common sense tells him there is
no end in sight for the Korean conflict. It does not answer the question
in the minds of millions of people in the home towns: How are we going
to get our sons and brothers and husbands free of the blood and filth
f Korea?
GRAPES OF WRATH-- The people in the big cities of the nation
know little about the "Okies" so vividly described in John Steinbeck's
novel of the depression, "The Grapes of Wrath." But to the people in the
small towns and rural sections of the nation, they have long been a
problem--and a necessity.
There are millions of them in the United States, working from the
south toward the north as the crops ripen for harvest. And as the harvest"
nears they are welcomed and just as anxiously the community awaits
their leaving. They are poor, often underfed and inadequately housed.
They present a problem on the home town level that the individual com.
munity is unable to solve.
At last, much to the relief of millions of home towners, the federal
government has stepped in and made a survey of their problems. The
committee that made the survey has recommended legislation on migra-
tory farm labor that may solve wage problems, establish labor camps,
extend social security, public health and education prograns with the
aid of states and local communities.
Of all the problems that faced the home towns of the nation, that
of the migratory worker was one of the most serious. Its solution will
be welcomed.
ATOMIC SPIES--In what was proba-
bly one of the most dramatic and moving
scenes in a federal court in the history of
this country, Judge Irving Kaufman sen-'
fenced Julius and Ethel "Rosenberg, hus-
band and wife atomic spy team, to die for
treason.
Said handsome, 41-year-old Kaufman,
one of the youngest judges on the federal
bench: "I have searched my conscience
to find some reason for mercy. It is not
in my power to forgive you. Only the
Lord can find mercy for what you have
done."
Never before in a civil court of the
United States had native-born spies been
sentenced to death.
Morton Sobell. 34, fellow conspirator,
was sentenced to 30 years in prison. The
fourth member of the conspiracy, Mrs.
Rosenberg's brother, David Greenglass,
9, was sentenced to 15 years in prison.
Thus ended another episode in the
constant battle to keep the home towns
0f America free.
Julius losenberg
Ethel Rosenberg
KEEP "EM ON THE FARM--The old question of "how are you
gain' to keep 'era down on the farm" showed up again in preliminary
igures from the 1950 census of agriculture.
The census bureau announced that the tentative count of the num-
ber of farms in the country came to 5,379,043, a "real" drop of at
least 280,000 for the first five postwar years and at least 500,000---or about
B per cent---for the last decade.
The bureau put forth three major reasons: (1) A trend toward
combining small farms to form large ones. This was most pronounced
west of the Mississippi. (2) A trend away from production of food for
home use or sale. (3) Rural people taking jobs in nearby city industries
and dropping production of food.
THE LEVELING OFF-- Michael V. DiSalle, price director, said in
his latest statement that his ceilings have brought "some stability" into
view, but that higher taxes and tightening of money and credit supply
are needed.
The question in the minds of home town housewives was whether or
not the line will hold. or whether there will be another upward spiral in
late summer as predicted by many economists.
In defense of controls, DiSalle said: "We had to start price con.
troll. It was a psychological move to combat the factors that were
driving us toward a serious inflation."
Labor Policy Committee
At Truman's incitation labor returned to the DeNnse Board.
U.M.T. DROPPED--The house armed services committee dropped
efforts to write a universal military training program that would have
reached into the home of every family in the nation. The senate had
previously approved establishment of a U.M.T. program i connection
with pending draft legislation.
The committee adopted an amendment by whi ch congress agrees to
consider recommendations to be made later by a five-man U.M.T.
commission. Legislators who approved of U.M.T. said they believed
universal military training will be enacted within a year,
THE HIGH SCHOOL PROBLEM
Large Numbers of Students Quit Classes
According to a national survey of
home town high schools, boys and
girls are droping out of their class-
es at an increased rate. The study
revealed clear danger that the
freud may reach proportions corn-
persuade students to remain until
the completion of their courses.
Major reasons for school-leaving
were said to be increased employ-
ment opportunities, expectation of
the draft, econom/cal need. lack
of interest In academic work, and
resfleness, insecurity or social
maladjustment. In the ease of those
awaiting draft summonses, their
INDIAN VAbLiY KJUUKU
i ii ill
KILLED BY HUKS . . . A member of the Philippine constabulary
corps views bodies of two Americans and an Australian who were shot
by Huk rebels recently at Antipolo, 30 miles south of Manilla. Victims
are Mrs. Alice Irene Wilkln Hardie (foreground), 42, formerly of Hll-
mar, Calif.; Donald Capuana, 25, Australia; and (background) John
Hardie, 53, formerly of Condon, Ore., husband of Mrs. Rardie.
REDS FIRE ON U.S. BUS . . . Corporal Everett W. Goldsmith, an
American MP In Berlin, Germany, points to bullet-riddled window of
one of the four U.S. passenger buses fired on recently by Communist
police at the Soviet-western sector border. The buses carried Amer-
ican soldiers, dependents, boy scout cubs and civilian personnel. They
were on a regular weekly tour of the Soviet sector.
GAVE GOERING POISON . , . Eric Van Dem Bach-Zelewskl receives
sacrament at Catholic convent after stating he gave Herman Goering
the poison with which the latter committed suicide. He claims that
he Whispered the word "zyankall" (cyanide of potassium) to Goering
through the flap of his cell, and later slipped the Nazi leader a cake of
soap containing an ampule of the poison. He was classified as "major
offender" and sentenced to 10 years labor.
ATEACK DEFENSE SETUP.. • Phillip Murray (left}, president of the
ClO, terms the natlonal production act the most iniquitous and
criminatory piece of leaqslaflon ever enacted. He says labor is not fight-
tug to rm the defemm mobllizztloa board, but Is seeking fair represen-
fallen. With Murray is United AutoWorkers presLeut, Walter Reuther.
Of ti in Cleveland, Ohio.
! the membe
Marshall Works Hard
HE WASHINGTON rumor factory
is probably the most active and
the most irresponsible in the world.
Tales cooked up in capitol hill lob-
bies, the drawing rooms of high
society or in a taxicab conversation
are spread as fact within a matter
of hours.
The story that the late Franklin
Roosevelt was insane and had to
be chained to his bed at night was
a good example. One confidential
news agency believed it to the ex-
tent of relaying it to its many thou-
sand customers.
Latest Washington canard is that
Secretary of Defense George Mar-
shall is in his dotage and unable to
come to his office more than a half
a week.
On the contrary, 1 can state
that Marshall, though 70, is
probably in better health than
before his kidney operation, gets
to the office before 8 a.m., has
the papers read and sent out of
his office by around 8:20 a.m.,"
and puts in a full six-day week,
working even on Saturday.
Marshall is alert, his memory is
amazing, and he seems completely
on the ball. Furthermore, Marshall
has put the old uniform aside and
is trying to run the defense depart-
ment as a civilian. This writer had
some skepticism about this phase of
Marshall's new job when first ap-
pointed secretary of defense, but the
skepticism appears not to have been
justified.
Cattle-Feed Shortage
Secretary of Agriculture Charle
Brannan had been at daggers'
points over government farm
policies for some time with the man
he fired last week, Ralph Trlgg,
chief of production and marketing.
Main reason the ax fell was that
the production of certain vital farm
crops--chiefly cattle feed--is des-
perately behind bur defense goals.
About 127,000,000 tons of grain
will be needed to feed our greatly
expanded population of beef cattle
and hogs this year. However, farm-
ers have planted or scheduled for
planting only enough acres to pro-
duce ll7,000,000 tons of feed grain.
Corn will be about 5,000,000 acres
short of the 90,000,000-acre produc-
tion goal fixed by Brannan--which
Trigg was supposed to deliver.
At the same time we have
4,000,000 more beef cattle and
over 5,000,000 more hogs to feed
this year than in 1950. The pinch
may not be felt this year be-
cause of feed-grain reserves.
However, with these reserves
exhausted, we will face a seri-
ous cutback in cattle production
for defense needs--and there-
fore a meat shortage--in 1952."
Manpower shortage on the farms
is one reason--perhaps the chief
one--for the failure to divert more
grasslands to planting feed grain.
Presidential Pique
President Truman's pique and an
economist's desire to throw off his
new deal label are back of the ad-
ministration's tragic failure to
clamp on price controls six mnths
ago.
This never-told story starts last
year when the elder statesman,
Bernard Baruch, publicly came out
for price controls.
Real truth was that the White
House and national security re-
sources board were at that very
time toying with the same idea. But
when Mr. Truman heard that the
white-haired New York financier
was for price controls, he reversed
himself. The President had put
Baruch dn his "S.O.B. list" when
Bernie refused to serve on a Demo-
cratic committee in the 1948 elec-
tions, and Truman didn't want to
be in the position of coming out for
price controls just after Baruch did.
Another factor was the strong
oppcsiiion to controls by Leon
Keyserling, then acting chalr-
man of th e council of economic
advisers. Keyserling, a former
department of agriculture
economist and assistant to Sen,
Bob Wagner, was being attacked
by Right Winters on capitol hill
as a wild-eyed radical,
Keyserling, an able economist
but subject to human ambitions,
wanted to be named chairman of
the council and gain acceptance as
a middle-of-the-road adviser. And
at that time he told both the Presi-
dent and Stuart Symington, chair-
man of the resources board, that
controls were "unworkable." In one
consultation with Symington, Key
serling argued that high prices
would, in Pact, be helpful by drain-
ing off excess purchasing power
and its competition for goods, serv-
ices and materials needed for re-
armament.
Washington Pipeline
Illustrating the Washington ca-
nard factory here is another I heard
recently: "Drew Pearson has now
sold out to Pan American airways.
He got a free trip to Europe With
Pan American and is now in their
pocket." . . . Real fact is that I
paid my way to Europe on Pan
American as I have on eyery other
airline. However, I do not hesitate
to pay tribute to Pan American's
efflcie, t operation across the At-
lantic.
"lnursoay, 2kprll '.b, l'al
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