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SCANNING THE WEEK'S NEWS
of Main Street and the World
Eisenhower Says He Would Employ
A-Bomb Under Certain Conditions
DECISION-- 'To my m/ the use of the atomic bomb would be on this
bsis.
"Dons it advantage me, or does it not, when ! get into a war? Now, it
I felt that the materl,d destruction that I was going to accomplish was not
equ4d to the moral or great rtion otberue to chls act, then I would ab.
stain.
"11 I thought the net was on my side, | would use it instantly, because
! proceed Jrom tbls basis: Tbs United
States i$ not going to declare war or
conduct an aggressive campaign. It
is merely going to defend itsel], and
i/ someone, in spite ot its peaceful
purpose, iumps on it, I believe in
uskng what we have in defending
ourselves."
With these words Gen. Dwight
D Eisenhower told the world--
friend and foe alike--just how far
he would go to defend western Eu-
rope It was the kind of clear-headed, logical reasoning that people in
the home towns of the nation could understand. It reaffirmed their
faith in the man chosen to fill the most important post in modern history.
It is this kind of reasoning and determination that the Communist
nations of the world understand. And if the world understands this rea-
sonmg, it could mean another step toward the preservation of peace.
]S-YEAR-OLDS--It would be difficult to say at this point who was
more surprised by the 79 to 5 senate vote that passed the bill to draft
18-year-olds, opponents or supportersof the measure.
For weeks the debate had raged in the senate over lowering the
draft agefrom the 19-year-old limit. And although the bill must go to
the house for action, it appeared that much of the pressure against the
administration's defense plans has been relieved. Most observers were
inclined to believe the bill will eventually reacl the President's desk.
P The senate vote caused
c o n s i derable speculation
across the nation. In the
first place, the man on
main street wanted to know
is it possible for five sen-
ators-the number w h o
voted against the measure
--to bombard the U. S. sen-
ate with so much propa-
ganda that it completely
ties up important legisla-
tion for weeks? Second,
what happened to the other
senators who had ranted
and raged against drafting
the 18-year-olds? And third,
were the statements by up-
Striving desperately to make peace ponents that the mothers of
between labor and the administration the nation flooded Washing-
Johnston (center), economic sea. ton with telegrams against
blliger, met several times with union the draft entirely true?
leaders in Washington. Shown with
Johnston (left torlght) are: Meany, NO! NO! NO! After
AFt; Lelghty, RLEZ; Hayes, IAM; a full week of conferences.
Mnrlday, presidential council; and Gold- watched anxiously by the
berg, CIO. "average man" who does
not understand very clearly the niceties of dillomatic language and ma-
Derivers. the foreign ministers' deputies of the United States. France,
Britain and Russia. meetmg in Paris. had nothing to report.
The only statements were "no. no" issued by Russia's Andrea Gro-
myko to every proposal put forth by the western powers.
Gromyko first gained the attention of the home-towners of the .a-
tlon as the "no" man of the United Nations.
The main point of difference between the west and east remained
the subject of rearming Germany.
KOREAN BATTLE--Slowly. methodically United Nations troops
advanced in Korea. storming the hills, digging the Communists out of
foxholes with bayonets, stopping and breaking a Red attack at other
points, but always pushing toward the 38th parallel,
U. N. commanders continued to expect a spring offensive by the
Reds. scheduled for some time during the last part of March or April.
Meanwhile. the Chinese suffered severe casualties as U. S. troops pushed
ahead, estimated by some observers at 20,000 to 30.000 in two weeks. I
There were reports that the Communists had 200.000 men in the
front lines below the parallel. In addition they were reported to have 100..
000 more troops in immediate reserve in North Korea and a great
reservoir, perhaps more than 300,000, across the Yalu river in Man-
churia.
RUSSIAN ARMS-- According to Russian reports the Supreme Soviet
{Parliament) has adopted a 1951 budget of 451½ billion rubles, of which
96 billion would go for defense purposes.
Russia has placed a value on the ruble of four to the American
dollar, but since there are so many imponderables involved, the rate
does not reflect the true
position o! the ruble. If the
rate is taken, it would in.
dieate a total defense budget
of $24 billion.
However. Soviet produc-
tion. through use o forced
labor and purchases from
dominated countries at ex-
tremely favorable rates, is
considerably cheaper than
that of the United States.
A NEW JOLT-- The ad-
ministration's price stabili-
zation efforl which has been
called nearly everything, in- The U. 8. air force has ordered of
¢lding "fraud", received
another jolt. this time in the Glenn L. Martin of Baltimore, Md., an
black and white of the undisclosed number of the British Ca
wholesale price index, berra twin-Jet bomber above. Britain
Tim bureau of labor sta- gave the U. S. the plans for the plane
tistics' index hit an all time as a part of the mutual aid pact be-
tween the two nations.
peak of 17 per cent above
pro-Korean war prices and 20.2 per cent over a year ago. The bureau
said all major commodities advanced except building materials.
The new figures wiped out any hope that the stabilization effort bad
finally started taking effect and a leveling-off was about to take place.
figures also brought renewed charges from labor that it would take
a law "with teeth in it" to stop the inflation spiral.
Michael V. DiSalle price director, told worried housewives in a
television speech that it woula be three more months before ceiling
prices on food will be posted in stores. It couldn't be done sooner, he
reported, because food prices vary by localities
LAST HOPE The supreme court refused by a vote of 6 to 0 to re-
view the case of Alger Hiss, convicted of giving government secrets to
a Russian spy ring before World War II. It wan Hiss' last hope of escap.
a five year prison sentence.
The Hiss trial made headI£nes in the nation's press for months. A
gulRy verdict and prison sentence was returned after a second trial.
The slender, brilliant attorney has stubbornly denied the charges of
giving away government secrets.
COST OP LIBERTY
1,000,O00th Man to Die for Country
The cost of liberty is high for this [ 995,100 men have died in defense of
: Republic. ]this Republic. This total, however,
As mothers and fathers through- [ is not tp to date since reporting of
out the nation ponder over the [
world's ,ills and worry about their[
sons in serviEe, or soon to join the [
armed forces, somewhere in the l
FIRST MARINES ARRIVE ON ROTATION . . . A long procession of
ears hearing feted marines, returned from Korea under the armed
services' rotation plan, proceeds down Montgomery street in San Fran-
eisco through the financial district as the city pays homage to the
first group of marines returned under the new plan. Thee men, 774
fighting men along with 400 wounded, are fresh from the Korean war
front and are given a welcome that is due heroes.
SOLDIEP.S RUN FOR SHELTER CARRYING WOUNDED . . . A United
States lieutenant, two soldiers and n Republic of Korea soldier run for
the nearest shelter bearing n wounded United Nations officer on a lit.
ter. They are under the direct fire of an enemy burp gun, as the grim-
ness of their faces testifies.
/
MAN THREATENS LEAP. , . Convict Thoma Blackburn, atop water
tower at Joliet penitentiary, turns a deaf ear as Prison Ckaplain E.
Grey Wininger pleads with him to come down. After shouting insults
at prison guards for fve hours, Blackburn descended of his own will.
Warden Joseph E. Ragen said that Convict Blackburn refused to give
any reason for his act. The water tower ls 90 feet tall. Blackburn is
shown in middle of tower catwalk.
r
Little Iron Curtain
OR MOST of one day I have
driven along what is sometimes
.'alled "the little iron curtain"--
'.he border where Yugoslavia and
Mbania meet, for Yugoslavia en.
ioys the unenviable distinction oi
)eing squeezed between two sections
)f the iron curtain with Bulgaria
lnd Hungary on one side and AI.
)ania on the other.
How tiny, primitive Albania--
.'hiefly a Mohammedan country--
appened to fall for Russian com-
aaunism has always been a nystery
;o me. I lived on the Albanian bur.
er for two years after the first
World War, once crossed it on
orseback, and its people at that
:ime were rugged individualists whc
]ated all governments, includin
heir own, with the passion ot
Pennsylvania's high-t a r i f f Joe
3rundy. Perhaps the explanation i
:hat Albania is a nation of extreme
)overty where the people have noth-
ng to lose by trying new expert.
nents plus the fact that any nation
:urn by a never-ending series ol
yars is an easy mark for com.
nunism.
At any rate, the border betweec
Russianized Albania and anti-Rus-
dan Yugoslavia now is sttdded with
rmed guards, and strangers are
ot permitted within 20 kilometers
:about 12 miles).
I managed to remember enough
)f the local language to talk my
ray past the first guard in the re-
;tricted zone dnd thereafter man-
ged to talk my way past guards
'ho stopped our jeep every hal|
tour until we had passed through
:he old Turkish Albanian city
?rizerend, the border town of Ja-
mvitza, and Deceny monastery-•
me of the oldest in Serbia, but it
mw bristles with armament•
Denounce Russians
My purpose in "visiting this iso-
ated, desolate part of the Balkans
vas partly sentimental, partly to
tee whether the United States is
getting credit /or its good program.
)artly to gauge Yugoslav sentiment
)ward Russia and the United States
n an area far from the crucial
flarney handed out by the diplomats
n Belgrade.
Regarding the food program,
the United States has given the
Yugoslav government $,.@00,-
00 worth of flour with the un-
derstanding that they sell it
through their egular ration sys-
tem but making it clear at
the flout comes from us. Its
distribution was organized un-
der Richard Allen of Carmel,
Calif., a former Hoover food
man who has also arranged for
American inspectors to travel
through the country. I traveled
part of the time with one of
t h e s e inspectors -- efficient
George TroLL--as he interviewed
local officials and local farmers
and it appears the United States
is getting credit.
Lesson for U, S,
Thirty years ago I had charge of
00 Bulgar prisoners in a diminu-
:ive Serbian village called Dobro
Do, which means good valley--but
:he valley wasn't good, because it
ad been burned out by the Bul-
;arian army and my job was to re-
)uild the homes of Serbian widows,
sing Bulgarian prisoners for labor.
toe also had a transport company of
100 mules and 100 conscripted Al-
banian mule drivers who every
might sat around campfires--the Al-
banians, the Bulgar prisoners and
Jeir Serbian guards discussing war
tnd what caused war.
That was in 1919 and they re-
:ailed that in 1912 Serbia and
Dreece had fought Turkey, then in
1913 Bulgaria had fought Serbia and
.reece, and in 1914 the World War
tarted. Thus for six long years the
Balkans were plunged in war--war
hich neither the Serbian guards
or their Bulgarian prisoners nor
he Albanian conscripts wanted.
their hope, they said, was Woodrow
Nilson--he was going to proclaim
I new world in which" there would
e eternal peace.
WeN, the years have come and
gone since then. Woodrow Wil-
son tried and failed, and Dobro
Do since then once again was
ravished--this time by the Ger-
mans, later by the Italians--and
then liberated by the Russians
who, at times, acted more like
conquerors than liberators.
This is the history of a typical
Balkan village and when you look
:ound at the poverty which always
[ollows in the wake of war you un-
ierstand why there is communism
n the Balkans, for people who are
poor, who are bled white, who have
nothing to lose, turn in their des-
eration to desperate remedies.
Rental Racket
A new racket has sprung up in
:roweled west coast cities, such
is San Diego and Los Angeles.
Rental agents are trying to cash in
)n the housing shortage by selling
leads to apartment hunters. A fee
i ii . f five or ten dollars is charged for
Korean casualties" is two to four
weeks behind The latest Korean ,
[ - NICE COOKIES • • • Four GI s In Korea sent word to New York s rental leads, which usually turn out
total stood at 52,448. Of dese, 8,853 i Hunter College saying they'd heard of the classic beauty of the coeiis, to be apartments already rented.
were dead of all causes and 9,899 ! but while pinups were fine, a cake or a cookie was finer. So three .................. • .o mo.,
; mud and filth of ::ores the 1,000,- I missing. The remainder w e r e t students In the home economics department, Eileen Walsh, Florence .. zu pt ,,, ,, ,,_ '-ter
. rtowever m an xego, uze ot z
0th soldier to die for this nation [ wounded. This amounted to 300 I Hennlnger and Elaine Brooks, got to work and cooked up this batch I . ' .............. i-ate:-
, ouslness oureuu 1,1 u [.s v ,
ms alread be a casualty weekly since the war s arted last l th bo s Her the are tastin th cook i
i' Y Y • " ' for e y . y g e ies wh eh they hope the ] ............ t '
Adding in eththe Korea Casualties" ] ffune,suaitles, boys will appreeBtte more than p,up pletures. , i ,arne, some ten,a, - ....
Cobbler's Bench Makes
Unusual Coffee Table
l'l,r,(E A COBBLERS BENC]4
¢gFFEE TABLE OF SOUD
Cobbler's Bench
YOUR own reproduction
of an old-time cobbler's bench.
The containers he used and the
underslung drawer will serve you
well.
Pattern 235 gives a Dill Of materials,
actual-size cutting guides and Illustrated
directions for every te Price of oat-
tern 235 is 25c.
WORKSHOP PATTI.IN EIV|C]g
Drawer 10
Bedford Hills, New York.
Omitted Sins
The pastor was examining one
of the younger classes, and asked
the question: "What are the sins
f omission?" After a little si-
lence one young lady offered:
"Please, sir, they're sins we
ught to have committed, and
haven't."
$o
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