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Civil Defense Is Everybody's Job
By MAJ. GEI WALTER M. ROBERTSON
California Director of Civil Defense
We are facing a serious problem.
I can't say too often how serious it is.
It's serious because, if atomic warfare comes to the United
States, it will be war against ¢ivilianssomething we have not
faced before in our history as a republic.
Back in 1776, when we were fighting for our independence,
citizens carried muskets and fought with pitchforks and shed
their blood--and won a great victory.
Those were grim days. Many never lived to see the birth
of freedom. But for all its horror, our ancestors were never
threatened with the devastation
that could be caused by one
atomic bomb strike today.
One strike in a critical tax'-
get area in CaLiforniasay
downtown San Francisco at
noon on any working day.--
would leave 10 times as many
dead as the American ceonies
counted in the Revotutionmry
War battles.
The casualties would exceed
100,000 nearly half of them
killed outright within a one-mile
radius of the explosion center.
Thousands would be maimed by
toppling buildings and trapped
by fires and stunned by shock.
And they would all be civil-
ians. .-
That's why civil defense is the
most important problem of the
people today.
That's why the Iop|e must
be prepared if atomic war is
brought to ur .hores.
That's the job Govelmor
Warren gave me--4 prepare
the oveall plans for the state.
But the Goverr gave the
people a jab, too--to prepare
themselves.
By working together, we can
do the job.
My staff and 1, with your help,
will provide the plan. You, Lhe
people, will execute it.
For civil defense in California
is built on the principle of self-
help and mtual aid.
Not Emp'ty Phrase
Those phrases mean just what
they say: yol find out how to
protect yourself and what you
can do to help your neighbors.
That plan is applied to our whole
civil defense program.
From the family and the
laeighbors We go step by step in-
to sections and zones and com-
munities and cities and counties
and regions---until we have the
whole state functioning like a
.mighty machine, but with the
people -- people everywhere
turning the cogs that mal per-
fect c0-ordination.
To achieve that eordtatima
we need the volmatary, msslf-
lsh co-operation of m p
pie. We m! at leas/ L.OmO
to enlist In the mmy emer-
gency services tkat will be
called upon if an enemy at-
tacks with atom bombs.
We need them in smafl com-
munities as well as in large areas
of population. For, in many cases
of disaster, it is the small com-
munities that will be called upon
to open their doors to the wouneb
ed and the homeless from the
big cities.
We need wardens--350,000 of
them.
We need auxiliary policemen-
45,000.
VCe need doctors and nurses
and litter bearers and ambulance
drivers. We'd need 17,000 to 20,-
000 such workers for one bomb
strike alone if downtown San
Francisco were hit.
Auxflim-y Firemen
We need auxiliary firemen, at
least four times as many as
would be available among regu-
lar firefighters if that hypotheti-
cal bomb were to drop in San
Francisco. For, in such an at-
tack, it could be expected that
fires would rage for two or three
days or as long as a week--and
no one group of men could stand
up Under such punishing work.
We need carpenters and plumb-
ers and welders and drillers to
mend the damage,
We need rescue teams to go
into the stricken areas, remove
injured from collapsed buildings,
help the infirm and minister to
children.
. In addition, we need 3i00,-
persons schooled in the
fundamentals of Red Cross
first aid. For Governor War-
ren's goal is to have one per.
son in each family who knows
what to do for the injured.
All over the state today, re-
cruitment is going on to supply
the need in manpower and wom-
anpower. But our ranks are still
thin. We need volunteers in all
fields for the reservestrength
necessary if we are attacked. Re-
lying on the other fellow to vol-
unteer isn't enough. For this
civil defense program is built
from the ground Of>--from the
individual, the family and the
neighbors.
Long Strides
In Sacramento, we've made
some long strides forward since
the Legislature, at an extraordi-
nary session called last Septem-
ber by Governor Warren, author-
ized the Office of Civil Defense.
We've assembled a staff and
we've set a pattern. Some of the
best specialists in their fields are
at work taking the master plan
to the people and building on the
licies laid down by the federal
government in Washington.
Training of auxiliary police-
men is under way. In Alameda,
Monterey, and Sacramento coun-
ties, instruction of Instructors
has been completed. These are
men who have taken intensive
courses in the latest law enforce-
The Cover
Everything that can be done
to defend Californians against
atomic warfare originates at
the office of civil defense in
Sacramento. This office has
placed California way ahead
of its sister states in prepar-
ing for an atomic emergency.
Here, Maj. Gen. Walter M.
Robertson (U.S.A., Ret.), who
penned the graphic account of
civil defense preparations in
this week's Magazine Califor-
nia, talks it over with Dr. Al-
bert W. Bellamy, chief radiol-
ogy safety division.
The civil defense chief, sit-
ting, and Dr. Bellamy are ex-
amining a radiology monitor-
ing instrument at the state
office of civil defense in Sac-
ramento.
ment methods and are qualified
to teach volunteers.
We ,have received the whole-
hearted co-operation of the Red"
Cross in first aid training. All
over the state, thousands of
women--and men too--are going
to classes to learn what to do in
an emergency.
Our plan for your protection
against the dangea of radia.
tlon is taking shape. Dr. Albert
W. Bellamy, an expert in radi-
ology loaned to us by the Uhi.
verstty of California at Lea An-
geles, is devising a curriculum
to instruct volunteers in deal-
ing with radioactive contami-
nation released by an atomic
bomb.
The state has placed an order
for 40 radiological monitoring in-
struments the delicate gadgets
that measure the total quantity
of radiation. The first of these
have arrived at our office, and
soon will be utfiised to train
detection crews. Among these
crews will be selected school
teachers designed to guard our
2,000,000 school children.
Communications System
We have set up our communi-
cations system. We've taken it
off the drafting board and put
it into operation. Tests are being
made twice a month---at state ex-
penseto make sure it is in
working order, to make sure
word of enemy planes near Cali-
fornia gets to every community
in the quickest possible time.
We have mobilized transporta-
tion facilities in the state for
emergency use. They are ready
to go into action at a moment's
notice. Steamship lines, rail-
roads, airlines, bus systems, the
trucking industry and fleets of
taxicabs have pledged their sup-
port.
Evacuation of stricken areas
is one of our primary concerns.
We have a plan for that, too.
It's based on mutual aid. One
region organizes to help an-
othe-and all are ready to
give aid, for nobody knows
who might be qmlled upon to
be the Goad amaritan.
We have laid out our program
to minimize panic following an
attack. We will not permit hys-
terical exodus that will clog
roads and prevent the arrival o(
aid. And a lot of aid will be
needed, including the aid of
those who escape injury dur-
ing an attack. They will be need-
ed to help the wounded and to
take part in the rescue and to
fight the fires--and to build
anew.
This we know, based on the
experiences of the British under
the blitz of World War II--that
delay in getting help to a
bombed area might mean the
difference between 100,000 dead
and 50,000 dead; and the differ-
ence between a city annihilated
and a city salvaged.
So I say, stay put!
Let me reiterate: the people
are the foundation of California's
civil defense program.
I urgently recommend that
you become a part of it.
First of all, get a copy of "Sur-
vival Under Atomic Attack." The
state has distributed 3,000,000
copies and one is available at
your local civil defense office.
Read it--and learn the basi
things to do.
Then join up.
Civil defense is everybody's
job---your job. "
Conservation
Week Set for
March 7 to 14
"Conservation-- The People's
Business," will be the theme for
the annual 1951 celebration of
California Conservation Week,
March 7 to 14, local conservation-
ists announced today, following
receipt of a message from the
California Conservation Council,
which is spdnsoring the event.
The week's events will com-
memorate the birthday of Lu-
ther Burbank March 7, 1849.
March 7 also has been designated
as California's Arbor Day. Gen-
eral Warren T. Hannum, direc-
tor of the State Deprtmett of-
Natural Resources, has been
named general chairman for Con-
servation Week.
Local organizations, agencies,
and individuals interested in con-
servation are invited, to partici-
pate in the week's events by
staging activities in their own
community.
An outline of the week with
Number One
this issue of MAGAZINE
FORNI is Maj. Gen.
M. Robrtson, California
tor of Civil Defense.
of an enemy attack,
ertson is number one
nian. His dynamic
California's most critical
is, in itself, re-assuring to
of Californians.
Garden Editor Alfred
isn't talking through his ha
this week's offering on the
art of tree and plant grat
Editor Ames is an experi
"grafter" of the garden v
Some of these days we'll r
picture with full equipage.
California's newest
shrine in the Redwood
is the subject of a
count in this issue.
plan your vacation next
be sure to include
the old rustic,
of General Vallejo in
of the Moon.
One of the things that
]HAGAZlNE
ferent from any other
tton is it's on-the-ground
of California life, written
tors and staff members
various newspapers
magazine as a hi-weekly
ment. In this issue, we
pleasure in presenting a
teresting piece on a
artist, by Bob Wood,
Antelope Valley Ledger
MAGAZINE
Bi-weekly rnagazllte |
44 California newsPaperJ
Published by Magazine &sso
California weekly newspal
Paal C. Newel1, Manageg
Business Office:
4 lth Street, Bakersfleld
Telephone 3-4444.
READ THE
CLASSIFIED ADS
IN
"'SUPER-5'
special topics for each day is mm b
suggested as follows by the Con- sv sT.. zcr..:,
servation Council: Wednesday, s maeo s, c ,,, '' T ae
March 7, .tree planting, and con- :: aChir
tc
interest; March-8, Water--Our |Im ean N-FR -- ¢£YM.O4L "-t
Greatest Asset; March 9, Forests | .. -..- rti-
and Conservation; March 10, Out- ! bY --#m ..... ,
door Good Manners- Fire ie.- I m.._= .'a.-. sad .0-1
vention; March II, Outdoor . II BIJIII: BUYR @ an,
reation; March 12, Keep Soils I 4m _ ,tu[ u::
Productive; Food for Defense; . ffi '[arbor
March 13, Wildlife Conservation;
March 14, Non-Renewable Re.
sources.
SPORTSMEN GET UNIFORMITY IN FIELD, "STREAM
eted {rely a handful f
mv cmg or 10 ruliug
tory powers meetings held in
Important revisions of last
year's regulations in-
elude:
Addition of Modo county to
the late north coast and central
Sierra t r o u t angling season
which opens May 26---the Satur-
day p,ceditg May 30; summer
trout .fishing opens in the bal-
ance of the state on April 28---
the Saturday nearest May 1;
Night trout angling in Bucks
Lake, Pluma$ county, will be
allowed this year on an experi-
mental basis;
Carp may be taken by bow and
arrow, except in District 22,
without season or bag limit;
Steelhead trout and salmon bag
limit will be two fish a day in
ocean waters south of the Mon-
terey-San Luis Obislo county
llne;
The bag limit on specified
ocean fishes was increased from
10 to 15, except that no more
than 10 of any one of the species
may be possessed.
Alth
st ]
ake
A mlllionand,a-half
California sportsmer will
their allng and huntin@ ;-,
lations approachir a predictable
niformity with the 1951 sea
and bag limits just announced
by the fish and game commis-
sion.
In their continuous efforts to
simplify the state's annual field
and stream regulaOons, commis-
geles o:
:on a w