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THE BIGHORN CUNGS TO PRECIPITOUS LEDGES
Return of the Bighorn-
Desert Sheep Roam Freely
The Bighorn Sheep of the des-
ert seems to be coming back.
One of the most fascinating
and most rarely encountered
animals of the desert country is
the desert variety of the famous
locky Mountain Bighorn Sheep.
These interesting characters,
cientifically designated as avis
nelsoni, present an excellent ex-
ample of what geographical iso-
lation can achieve in the process
of time.
Desert Bighorns are a local
race of the parent stock that
have become peculiarly adapted
to life in low altitudes in the
more arid regions. Confined to
the desert area of Southern Cali-
fornia, Lower Califorr/ia and
desert regions of Mexiio, they
can survive with very little
water, can withstand high tem-
peratures.
General Scarcity
Perhaps because of a general
carcity of their preferred food
in the desert areas, they have
become a relatively pigmy race,
being considerably smaller than
the more northern Bighorn of
the high Rockies. Also, they are
much lighter in color than the
type species.
The rams, when they reach
naturity at th end of three or
four years, begin to develop
magnificent horns that curve uP-
,yard, backward anti downward.
The adult ewes have straight
horns that extend upward and
very slightly backward.
The Bighorn has a highly spe-
cialized hoof that is marvelously
adapted to their rocky environ-
ment. While lateral hoofs are
present, the main hoof consists
of a spongy cushion that absorbs
the shock of abrupt landings on
hard surfaces.
Bunch Hoofs
Descent of particularly pre-
cipitous ledges is made by
bunching all four hoofs. I have
seen a startled ewe jump fully
20 feet from boulder to boulder,
nd keep on going!
Mountain sheep browse on
just about every kind of leafy
plant. I've observed them at
close range feeding on such
typically desert plants as bur-
roweed, Krameria, galleta grass
and the thin, characteristic
grasses of the Upper Sonoran
zone. They will occasionally
descend to the floors of desert
canyons for shade, and to nibble
on mesquite and even chuparosa.
Except when searching for
water, they seldom wander far
from their favorite feeding
grounds. One band which I ob-
served all summer, and studied
with mounting admiration, never
got more than a mile from their
water hole--which they visited
regularly three times a day.
Gregarious Animals
Bighorns are gregarious ani-
mals, traveling in bands--the
smaller bands usually represent-
ing a single family group. Mat-
ing starts early in September
and copulation occurs in Decem-
ber, the lambs appearing in May
Or June.
New-born lambs are given
every_priority and parental at-
tenti(l until the next mating
season; then they must shift for
themselves. They are about
four years old before they com-
mence mating. During the mat-
ing season, all adults in the band
pair off and scatter to the higher
crags and peaks until they are
through mating; then they re-
turn to the bantL
In pioneer times, Bighorns
were very numerous, bands of
50 to 200 animals being common.
Ruthless slaughter reduced them
almost to extinction. In recent
years, their killing has been
strictly forbidden by law, with
heavy penalties to offenders.
There is no open season at any
time.
Natural Enemies
Reduction of their natural
enemies, such as lions and other
predators, by government hunt-
ers has enabled the sheep to
stage a slow come-back. They
are not yet numerous but small
bands of desert Bighorns can
now be found on both sides of
the Coachella and Imperial Val-
leys, in the Borrego and Yuha
areas and in most of the south-
ern mountain ranges of the
Mohave Desert.
Their extremely keen vision
and general alertness present a
real challenge to all desert folk
who aspire to observe them.
Adventures ;n Business
Magazine
Blacksmith Challenges World N O T E
Adjoining column
By NICHOLS FIELD WILSON
In 1872 Byron Jackson, with a village blacksmith shop in
Woodland, faun'tied the great Byron-Jackson Company, now
world famous, with plants on both coasts, thousands of workers
throughout the world, now in its 79th year. Fame, such as
experienced by few men, is ever paying tribute to this cour-
ageous pioneer and man of vision.
The hezitage left America by Byron Jackson and our hardy
'California pioneers can best be measured only in the inspi'ation
acquired by their followers who have carried on with faith,
courage and work stimulated by the example set by these
founders' of California and our free enterprise patterns.
W. N. Beadle, personable
and highly respected vice
president of the multi-million
d o 11 a r corporation, Byron-
Jackson Company, never fails
to credit founder Byron Jack-
son with his great contribu-
tion to California and the
world and likes to quote these
words of Byron Jackson him-
self:
"I established the works at
Woodland, California in 1872
and in 1879 moved them to
San Francisco. I have dis-
posed of my old tools and re-
placed them with many spe-
cial tools, to improve the qual-
ity of our work, believing that
the very best advertisement is
to send out a thoroughly good
article, such as witl insure the
order being repeated. We in-
tend, by strict attention to BYRON JACKSON
business, careful attention to
selecting the best quality of material, superior work and lib-
eral dealings, to merit your confidence and patronage."
Byron Jackson
Defense Work
A bird'seye view of Byron Jackson Company's activities are
sketched but there are many more for the company is handling
a good deal of defense work and has several projects under way
for- the government. Not one or two. Several.
Important discoveries and developments at Byron-Jackson
Company are commonplace. Recently information was released
by the military concerning a new kind of weapon, a "super ba-
zooka," for use against tanks. This gun can fire a missile
through 13 inches of armor plate. It is loaded with what amounts
to a five-inch rocket with a so-called "shaped charge."
Extensive work in the shaped charge world for peaceful
purposes is credited to Byron Jackson Company, and it would
be difficult to say how much the firm's success influenced de-
velopment of the new weapon. Remarkable results in the use
of the shaped charge principle have been achieved. Employing
this method, BJ "brought in" the deepest producing oil well in
the world in 1949 at Waseo, in Kern county, at a depth of over
15,000 feet.
Shaped Charge
A shaped charge is an explosive with a dent in one end.
When the charge is set off, the dent gives the blast a highly-
penetrating, jet-like force. ByronJackson Company have de-
veloped the idea although there is nothing new about it. Today,
ILl products are in use in half or more of the oil wells while
much work has been done to perfect their processes for water
wells.
The $300,000,000 oil line completed from the Persian Gulf
to the Mediterranean of more than 1000 miles is equipped with
BJ pumping units, the world's largest oil line pumps.
The new, $90,000,000 pipeline project from Edmonton, Can-
ada, to the Great q_akes, with BJ pumps.
The firm's submersible electric motors and pumps for un-
derground fueling of airplanes that now take eight hours to fel
a B-36 by what Beadle terms old-fashioned methods. Beadle
says, "BJ submersible electric motor units could do the job
faster, safely and more conveniently. The fuel storage tanks
could be right under the runway or blocks away at safest lo-
cations."
WATCH FOR NEXT ISSUE'S FASCINATING
"ADVENTURE" BY NICHOLS FIELD WILSON
MAGAZINE' CALIFORNIA
El-weekly magazine supplement to
44 California newspapers.
Published by Magazine AssOciates of
CaLifornia weekly newspapers.
Paul C. Newell, Manager
Business Office:
2524 lSth Street, Bakersfield, Calif.
Telephone 3-4444.
• ieloml to them yout
I gUL-11-GLO-LOG gO.
No More Fear of
Choking. Gasping
asthma Spasms
Scores of Burlingame citizens are
free from fear of attacks of Asthma
since the famous physician's prescrip-
tion, known as B.T. Formula has been
made available to the pubLic. B.T. For-
mula is a liquid medicine, which, if
taken regularly, lessens and allays the
attacks oi bronchispasms to the point
of bringing asthma sufferers almost
complete relief from this dreaded oc-
currence. B.T. Formula enters the
blood stream and reaches the bron-
chial tubes, both large and masH,
loo6ening the phlegm that brings on
"the choking and loss of breath you
have experienced. Get a bottle today
at your local drug store or direct from
B.T. Products Co., 1200 Btirlingame
Ave., Burlingame, CaiiX.
Jackson is one of a
California business
Nichols Field Wilson.
Wilson has chronicled
of many of the
who built the West
venture" sketches in
California are giving
a new insight into
tory.
John B. Edmands,
tributed the story on
Pioneers in this issue is:
a pioneer editor in one
fascinating new We
where homesteading
on. How the
of them World War lI
have created their own
playground is an
chapter in American
How to grow plants
house is told by
garden editor in this
tells how yo can
bringing the garden
house.
Something new in
the tasty dish
Editor Helen Weill in
The illustration is
touch by Fritz Miller,
Colusa Rice
Survey Starts
A survey of the
practices on farms
was grown in 1950 was
in Colusa County by
ton, agricultural
the University of
Agricultural Ex
at Davis. The work is
operative arrangement
U.S.D.A. and will alsO
studies of farms in
Yolo and Yuba counties-
Because the 1950
controls of rice acreage
continued this year,
ers will have to find
crops that can be
ably on heavy soils.
section of the entire
taken to compile east
all farming operations
in 1950.
IAG00TI2
Make $10 to a
store sold 10,N0 at
BangzaU holds g pair
skirts. Sav closet space
sales plan with I. for
Make 40O% profit.
1546 Purdue, Los Angeles
WHAT IS ShOt
8aca-Peio is the most
entiflc discovery
permanently kill the
nuous hair. Saca-Pelo
or chemical, sad can be
in the privacy of your
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