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JilU i1[11 I I II i iii I
/-2L00w.KLY N00WS AN/d,,'s00s "
l Communists Offer Vague Proposal
I For Negotiations in Korean War;
I Army Plans 24 Divisions by July
PEACE: .--f---f--.
Price Is Too High Housing
Communist China's ambiguous
proposal for s truce in Korea fan-
ned the hopes for peace among the
American people and created a dan-
gerous division among the free na-
tions.
The Chinese proposal said, in
part, if the withdrawal of foreign
troops from Korea was being put
into effect. Peiping would advise
the Chinese volunteers to return to
China. The statement did not guar-
antee that Chinese troops would be
withdrawn, nor did it say anything
about North Korean forces. The
statement was too ambiguous in the
opinion of most American observ.
ers.
Withdrawal of the U.S. fleet from
Formosa and a seat in the United
Nations for Communist China also
appeared in vague terms in the
proposal for a truce.
The kindest thing that could be
said about the Chinese statement
was that perhaps there was a de-
sire for peace in China. But from
the American view that price was
too high.
From the more practical view-
point, however, the note put the
United States in a bad situation
politically. If it agrees to consider
Peiping's renewed overtures for a
negotiated peace, it is bound to in-
cur wide criticism at home. If it
shuns these overtures, the accusa-
tions of the Soviet Union may fall
on more fertile ground.
The Chinese move was seen by
some observers as an attempt to
block the American proposal in the
U.N. of branding China the aggres-
sor in Korea. If that was its pur-
pose, it succeeded, at least tempo-
rarily.
Other observers questioned the
status of the statement. It was not
addressed to the United Nations. It
was little more than a postal card
to India in reply to questions of
policy.
ARMY:
24 Divisions
Army strength by July will be
equivalent to 24 combat divisions,
Gen. J. Lawton Collins, army chief
of staff, reported recently.
The build-up of combat strength
by July will include 18 divisions and
18 regimental combat teams with
supporting units, together with
numerous independent tank bat-
talions, field-artillery battalions and
similar combat units.
Collins indicated, however, he did
not believe the nation's current goal
of 3,403,205 men in the armed forces
will be enough and the total
boosted.
And while army officer and gov-
ernment officials talked of man-
power problems on the home-front,
a new Korean's casualty list was
announced by the department of de-
fense.
An additional 2,424 casualties
reported by t h e department,
bring the Korean war total to 45,-
137.
The department said 6,509 were
killed outright, 772 had died of
wounds, and 22 men originally listed
as missing in action have beeu de-
termined to be dead. Thus the death
toll stood at 7,303.
Wounded totaled 29,951, including
the 772 who later died. The missing
total of 8,677 included 622 men who
since have returned to American
control and 108 known prisoners of
war.
When
Your Children
have COUGHS
.•.DUE TO COLDS
New Contract
John L. Lewis, {right), presi.
dent of the UMW, puts on the
nearest thing to a smile be can
manage after he and Harry M.
Moses (left), president of the
northern coal operators group,
signed a new wage contract on.
der which the miners received
a $1.60-a-day pay boost. The in-
crease became effective Feb.
ruary 1.
Housing Administrator Ray-
mond M. Foley told the senate
banking committee that the fed-
eral government may soon have
to help communities build wa-
terlines, roads, schools and oth-
er facilities to meet the needs of
defense workers.
PRICE FREEZE:
Needed for Long Time
By the time this appears in print,
the administration should have
acted on the price-wage controls so
long needed to stabilize the nation's
economy in its all-out mobilization
effort.
During the early weeks of 1951
the need of price controls became
a pressing matter as 'holesale
prices hit an all-time high. The cost
of the average family's food was
the highest in the nation's history.
Critics of the administration had
demanded a price-wage freeze for
some time. Govermnent officials,
however, protested a n y freeze
would be meaningless unless ade-
quate machinery to enforce price
controls was available.
It was also apparent that there
was considerable difference of opin-
ion between Charles E. Wilson, de-
fense - mobilization chief, Allen
Valentine, economic - stabilization
chief, and others in charge of the
administration's efforts to set up a
wage-price control organization.
President Truman entered the
fray by firing Valentine and ap-
pointing Eric Johnston, head of the
Motion Picture Association of
America, to take his place. John-
ston will settle any disputes between
the OPS and WSB.
Administration critics demands
for price-wae controls included a
roll-back of price to January 1. As
for wages, a temporary freeze was
the most popular demand--but only
temporary until some kind of wage
control formula could be worked
out.
LIVING COST:
Hits an All-Time High
The cost of living in the United
States hit an all-time high early in
1951, with the dollar worth less
than 60 cents of its 1939 buying
power.
The latest estimates placed the
cost of living at 68.1 per cent higher
than in January, 1939. although
food alone went up almost 118 per
cent in the last 11 years. The jump
was even greater in some individual
foods. For example, the bread and
buUr the average factory worker
could buy in 1939 for 39 cents now
cost him approximately $1.15.
An analysis of the figures re-
vealed that a man who made $3.000
ten years ago now needs $5,440 to
match his buying power. The equiv-
alent of a $3,000-a-year income
then is now $9.356.
The average factory worker
earned approximately $1,390 a year
in 1939 and about $3,000 last year.
an increase of 115 per cent.
BONDS:
Treasury Plans Extension
The treasury plans to offer hold
ers of Series E savings bonds as
opportunity to keep their bonds
another l0 years at 2.9 per cent in-
forest and to retain the government
interest rate on long-term treasury
bonds at 2.5 per cent, it was re-
ported recently.
Secretary of the Treasury Snyde
said holders may cast their bonds.
continue to hold the present bonds
with an automatic interest-bearing
extension which would amount to 2.9
per cent compounded at the end of
10 years, or exchange the bonds for
current-income savings bonds of
series G, which bear interest every
six months.
Congress must pass the 10-year
extension, however, before it will
become effective.
Of the $58,000,000,000 of total out-
standing savings bonds, nearly $35,-
000,000,000 is in the series E.
A NEW/ TREND
Iowa Factories Outproduce Farms in '50
The trend toward expansion el
manufacturmg in the midwest
Sainted nationM attention with a re-
po:t that for tte first time in 11
)ears iowa {act.ries outproduced
fa:r;.s
3 h, rttlcrt IS rcmarl,,.able oecause
the' aer[ge at:re in Iowa returns a
grcaer farm income than in any
other sectmn of the nation. It gives
also a gmeral picture of thp m.
crease and importance of manu-
facturing in the Midwest.
The report estimated that Iowa
factories turned out 2½ billion dol-
lars' worth of food products, ma.
chinery, chemicals, drugs, printed
matter and other goods in 1950. Sale
of farm products for the year was
not expected to add up to more
than 2 billion dollars according to
most predictions.
YOUNG "VOICES OF AMERICA" . . . Two of the "Voices of Ameri-
ca" seleed to be heard over the weekly radio program of the state
department are those of Russell Jones {left), 12, Brandy, Va., and Miss
Mary Miller, 17, cf Culpepper, Va. The youngsters are shown after
they were presented with commemorative pins by Virginia Sen. Willis
Robertson in recognition of their personal efforts•
LUNCHEON "MEET" A LA MISSOURI . . . President Harry S. Tru-
man recently attended a luncheon on Capitol Hill for the delegation to
congress from the state of Missouri. Here, the President is keeping
part of the party entertained. Left to right arc Speaker of the House
Sam Raybfirn (D., Texas), President Truman, Representative John
W. McCormack (D., Mass.), and Representative Phil J. Welsh
(D., Me.}. How did Texas and Massachusetts get in the picture?
BLAIR HOUSE VICTIM BACK ON DUTY . . . Corporal Joesph H•
Downs (right), is checked in at the Whle House by P.F.C. Glpard
Lanier as the former returns to duty for the first time after he was
shot defending President Truman's life at Blair House on November I.
Downs fell in the exchange of gunfire with Grisello Torresola and
Oscar Ccilasgo, Puerto ltican terrorists.
ACE SWEARS IN SON , . . Colonel Eddie Rlckenbacker, famed ace of
World War 1, recently swore his son, William F. Rickenbacker, 22,
into the United States air forces. Shown during swearing-in cere-
monies at 30 Whitehall Street, New York City, arc (!. to r.} Colonel
W|lliam A. Havlland, commander of the southern New York and New
Jersey recruiting district; William F. Rlckenbacker and his famous
father, Eddie RJckenbacker
Mistakes Not Rehashed
T T HAS BEEN the policy of the
A brass hats that military ntis-
takes, no matter how glaring, are
not to he rehashed after they are
made. That perhaps is why even
the files on northern military blun-
ders in the Civil War still are secret.
That is also why our intelligence
error in the Battle of the Bulge,
which cost the lives of thousands
of young men, still remains un-
investigated: with the general then
in charge of U.S. intelligence being
promoted to be No. 2 man in the
central intelligence agency.
And that is also why the naval
commanders resnonsible for shoot-
ing down and killing 400 U.S. and
British paratroopers in the invasion
of Sicily never were investigated.
American newspapermen, includ-
ing this columnist, have written
about these tragic errors. But no
official investigation ever was made
public.
Likewise suppressed may be
the tragic Korean errors which
cost us the greatest proportion-
ate casualties in history and the
greatest land-army defeat in
history. Certainly they will not
be published If Senator McCar-
thy has his way.
It was to shed light on some of
these errors that this columnist
published paraphrased excerpts
from General MacArthur's cabled
estimates of actual Chinese
strength. These showed that while
MacArthur was announcing more
than 1,000,000 Chinese in Korea or
cn the border, and that "a bottom-
less well of Chinese manpower con-
Unues to flow into Korea," actually
only about 96,000 Chinese sent the
Bth army on its headlong 120-mile
retreat.
Errors of Command
There was a good reason why I
used paraphrased official cables
from MacArthur. If I had not, Sen-
ator McCarthy would have accused
me of lying, or manufacturing ",e
Chinese fKures out of whole cloth.
--cd with the official texts, he
could not very well accuse me of
lying, so he accused me of permit-
Ung the deciphering of coded mes-
sages. This the Secretary of the
Army denied.
McCarthy also implied that I had
given secrets to the enemy. This
was absurd' on the face of it. The
column in question dealt with Chi-
nese military strength, and the
tnese obviously knew their own
strength. Furthermore it was pub-
llshed on Dec. 30, one month after
the 8th army's tragic retreat, and
facts published after battle don't
give much help to the enemy.
However, after a battle, the
people whose sons ar lost and
whose country is injured are
entitled to know the reasons for
defeat. The reasons in this case
were errors in command. They
were net the fault of the troops
on the field of battle.
The reasons for this particular
'defeat began at Wake Island. and
go back in part to two factors--a
brilliant, strong-minded general
who knew exactly what he wanted,
and a president not versed in mili-
tary strategy who, as a former
National Guard artillery captain
was dazzled by braid and brass.
The Big Risk
! At Wake Island, General Mac-
Arthur proposed exactly what he
later executeda lightning dash by
American troops up to the Man-
churian border, a pause on the
border only long enough to sym-
bolize victory, then a march home
by Christmas.
In talking to Truman, MacArthur
even used the words "home by
Christmas." He admitted that the
Chinese might be provoked into
attack. But he predicted they would
not cross the Yalu river in force
and confidently added that. if they
did, he could take care of them.
MacArthur also argued that the
North Korean guerrillas would be
destroyed by the severe Korean
winter, and that the South Korean
army would be strong enough to
protect its homeland without a
large U.N. army.
I President Truman was hesitant.
He questioned the necessity of
marching all the way to the Chinese
border, also the wisdom of pulling
American troops out too quickly.
MacArthur replied that "occu-
pations are futures," that the
execution of war prisoners is
"foolish," and it would be best
to leave Korea in the bands of
Koreans.
Although Truman remained hes-
itant, he never gave MacArthur
direct orders not to march to the
border.
A stronger president, s u c n
as Franklin Roosevelt. probably
would have argued MacArthur
down. A stronger military adviser
to the President might have done
likewise. Time and again Churchill
and Roosevelt, conferring with the
generals, dominated military de-
cisions in the last war. And although
never published, it was astute Adm.
Chester Nimitz, commander of the
fleet in the Pacific, who managed
to reverse Mac.Arthur's plan to
stage the first Philippine landing
not Mindanao--where the japs were
prepared--but in the Gulf of Leyte.
Eot Dickinson POPCORN
,,¢t',t Always Pops.
.... m i
now drugs or old fail to stop
your cough or chest cold don't delay.
Creomulsion contains only safe, help-
proven ingredients and no nar-
cotics to disturb nature's process. It
IgOCa right to the seat of the trouble to
aid nature soothe and heal raw, ten-
der, inflamed bronchial membranes.
Guaranteed to please you or druggist
refunds money. Creomulsion has stood
tlm test of many millions of users.
CREOMUUSiON
GIVE THEM GOOD-TASTING
SCOTT'S EMULSION
Helps build stamina - helps butl4
sistanee to colds, if younasters don't
Uet noub natural A&D Vltumins|
Scott'| is m hish mergF
FOOD TONIC-a "gokl
mine" of aturl A&D
_ Vitamins and energy°
bufldins natural oiL Eas
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recommend it I Buy toda
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MORE than lust o t0nic--
• , Ws werl nouri#,ment
WHEN SLEEP WON'T
COME uoYOU
FEEL GLUM
se D//de
t/mwlall.r,,,/xath
REMOVES WASTE
NOT GOOD FOOD
• Whe you mn'i nleeD -- feel
awful becauso you need a laffiattve- do
U Mn,zaos do--chew •
Doctors say y on" laxaUvelk
1kmu Isle dceu, atsr thetr "flush,-
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m[mmaeb Wr they often fimd awa
zmurishlng food you ml for PeP am
ene."l You feel we,, fired.
But cantle -a-x Is Ufferen;I
Taken u mmmendec It works chefl
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weak feeling- you feel fne. full aflfi&
lffel Get vmm.e-Mm, 25. , or onlylu y
00eiN-A00
NtMOUS CI¢iWlNG.GUM tAXA1Wli
NO Olhe' bll A Fator h
CHEST
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t rdle ce,lm--sddq msms
Mu=tele ant only brings fast
but its groat p,da-mltvt medieatt
b rw.im up congestion in upper bron-
chial tubes. Musterole offem ALL
I beneflt of a mustard plaster without
the bother cf making one. Just rub
It on ehmt, throat and back.
HOT FLUSHES?
Do you suffer from hot flushes,
nervous tension, upset emotions
due to functional "change of Life'
(38-52 years)that period when
fertility ebbs away, when em-
barrassing symptoms of this na-
ture may betray your age?
Then start taking Lydia E.
Pink_ham's Vegetable Compound
to relieve such sympton No
other medicine of this type for
Women has such a long record of
succes Taken regularly. PlY-
ham's Compound helps build up
resistance against thts annoying
middb-age distress. TruIU the
woman's lrle'nl
Note: Or you may prefer Y.O1ht
E. Pinkham's TABLETS with
added iron: Any drugstore.
LYDIA E. PINKHAM'S
ve.nAL coupou.
T
and
ller
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